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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Treaties of Cölln and Mewe ： ウィキペディア英語版 Treaties of Cölln and Mewe The Treaties of Cölln and Mewe, concluded in 1454 and 1455, transferred the Neumark (New March) from the Teutonic Order state to the Electorate of Brandenburg. The Teutonic Knights had received the area as a pawn from Brandenburg in 1402, and as a possession in 1429. Financial shortages due to the onset of the Thirteen Years' War (1454–66) forced Ludwig von Erlichshausen, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, to pawn the Neumark to Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg, by the Treaty of Cölln on 22 February 1454, and to subsequently sell it by the Treaty of Mewe on 19 September 1455. ==Background== In the second half of the 13th century, the Margraviate of Brandenburg had established the Neumark along the lower Warthe (Warta) river.〔Gahlbeck (2007), p. 402〕 In 1374/1388, the Lords of Wedel transferred their rights on territories around Schivelbein and Falkenburg to the Teutonic Order state,〔 their eastern neighbor. In 1402, Brandenburgian margrave Johann von Görlitz pawned the whole of the Neumark to the order.〔 After the First Peace of Thorn (1411), Grand Master (Hochmeister) Heinrich von Plauen intended to pawn the Neumark to the Polish king, and prepared a respective treaty.〔Heinrich (1992), p. 148〕 The noble estates of the Neumark however, on the basis of their privileges, prevented the ratification of the treaty.〔 In 1429, the Teutonic Order acquired the pawn as a full possession from Brandenburg.〔 In February 1454, the Order was at the verge of the Thirteen Years' War following a rebellion of the Prussian Confederation, who was allied with the Kingdom of Poland.〔Neugebauer (1996), p. 55〕 The Order's military and financial weakness〔Böckler (1995), p. 203〕 resulted in an urgent need for money to attract and pay mercenaries.〔Boockmann (1998), p. 216〕 To that end, the Grand Master Ludwig von Erlichshausen pawned the Neumark to Brandenburg〔 and many of his Prussian holdings to mercenary groups in 1454.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Treaties of Cölln and Mewe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.